8. True, not everyone sees me as you saw me or even as I see myself; but deep down inside I have that marvelous feeling that comes from being an integrated whole person, not afraid of being just what I am.
分析:这是一个省略句,补全应该是这样的:It is true that …。两个as都是连词,意思是“像”、“如同”。deep down inside是but从句中的状语,意思是“内心深处”。that comes是feeling的定语从句。翻译该句,要从that处断开,把that从句译成一个表示原因的状语从句。省略的部分不需要增补。
译文:的确,并不是每个人都像你那样看待我,也不像我那样看待我自己,然而在内心深处我有一种说不出的美妙感觉,这是我塑造自己的完整人格,并且毫无顾忌地坚持自我的结果。
9. But we can hardly guess what the world will look like to men and women with several generations of communism behind them, who take the brotherhood of man for granted, not as an ideal to be aimed at, but a fact of life, and yet know that this brotherhood was only achieved by ghastly struggles.
分析:这是一个主从复合句。what the world will look like to men and women with several generations of communism behind them是guess的定语从句,what引导这个从句。该句中的we显然指后面的men and women,所以翻译时要灵活。
译文:但对曾有过几代共产主义思想的人们来说,将来的世界看上去将是什么样子,人们还很难做出推测。现在人们总是把他们之间的手足之情看作是理所应当的事,认为生活本来就是这样,而不是当作理想的目标来看待。然而,他们知道这种手足之情只有通过巨大的努力才能得到。
1(世博翻译公司)0. It would have been impossible for me to have told anyone what I derived from these novels, for it was nothing less than a sense of life itself.
分析:这是由for连接的并列复合句。句中第一个it是形式主语,代替后面的不定式短语;第二个it指前一句话的what I derived from these novels,意思是“我从小说中获得的感受,nothing less than是固定用法,意思是“完全是”。他在形式上是否定的,在意义上是肯定的,翻译时要译成汉语肯定句
译文:那时,要告诉别人我从这些小说中获得了什么收益是不可能的因为我所获得的完全是对生活自身的感受。
省略和并列平行结构
英语中词的省略现象很多。其目的是为了符合英语表达习惯和修辞特点。省略词语决不是可以随意增删词句,而是要必须遵循以下几条原则:
1(世博翻译公司)) 可有可无的,或是多余的。
2) 省略的词义已经体现在上下文中。
阅读时,必须根据上下文找出英语中省略的词语翻译时再根据汉语的习惯进行适当增补。
1(世博翻译公司). Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn expect to the nearest cabin or settlement.
分析:在时间、地点、条件、让步、方式状语从句中,如果从句的主语与主句的主语相同(或为it),而从句的谓语又含有be(包括连系动词be和助动词be),则可以省略“主语+be”
译文:独自旅行的人,要是饿了、受伤了或是生病了,除了最近的小木屋或居民点,常常无处求援。
2. Anything from cosmic rays to radiation to diet may activate a dormant oncogene, but how remains unknown.
分析:这是一个由but连接的并列句。其中第二个分句的主语是一个主语从句。由于该主语从句的主谓宾与第一个分句相同,所以被全部省略。只剩下疑问副词how。
译文:任何东西,从宇宙射线到辐射,以至日常饮食,都可能激活潜伏的致癌基因,但如何激活的,仍然不得而知。
3. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of setting their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right.
分析:介词短语by seeing which side…前省略了setting their disputes。seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side与saying that that side which has killed most has won是介词by后的两个并列成分。
译文:打仗意味着残杀,。文明的民族应该能够找到某种解决争端的方法,而不是通过看哪一方能消灭另一方更多的人,然后说杀人最多的一方获胜来解决争端。胜者不仅胜了,而且还因为胜利而有理。
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