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文言文翻译复习方法 指导(2)(4)

时间:2012-07-04 15:02来源:trans.org.cn 作者:世博翻译公司 点击:
For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances. they 找指
For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances. they 找指代什么时,如果在前一句找不到,就再往上找。 compensate for 弥补,补偿 gross 总体的,总共的,在本文中是 明显的 总体的,总共的,在本文中是“明显的 明显的” GDP=gross domestic product 国内生产总值 gross weight 毛重 net weight 净重 inequality 不公平 tell 翻译为显示,还有分辨的意思 翻译为显示, youngster 年轻人,是一个具体名词 youth 是一个抽象总体名词 gangster n.歹徒、暴徒 如同 war 是抽象总体名词,warfare 是具体名词。即在它前面要出现某个修饰词,告诉你是什么战役。 如: air warfare nuclear warfare able 词类转译为名词“能力” underprivileged 指生活很贫困的,社会地位低下的人 favorable circumstances 有利的环境 had he grown up=if he had grown up 倒装句 = 全句翻译:例如,测试并不能弥补明显的社会不公,因此不能说明一个物质条件差的年轻人,如果在 较好的环境中成长的话,会有多大才干。 注意:句外指代某一单词时,应联系上下文的句子,通常不在本句的时候,往往可以在上文的句子中 注意 找到。 1997 年 This view, which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood, may seem bravely "logical". In fact it is simply shallow: the confused centre is right to reject it. The most elementary form of moral reasoning——the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl——is to weigh others' interests against one's own. This in turn requires sympathy and imagination: without which there is no capacity for moral thought. To see an animal in pain is enough, for most, to engage sympathy. 75)When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankind's instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at. It 是对上一个句子的归纳 engage 投入,产生;约会,订婚 I am engaged Engage somebody in doing something 致力于 战场上用 engage 表示冲锋 = charge I engaged myself in reading. 2(世博北京翻译公司)7  
That=it,均表示上一句中的意思 = , an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.这种本能应该得到鼓励,而不是嘲笑。 注意:这是定语从句翻译成主谓宾结构(从句)的一个典型例子。 注意:这是定语从句翻译成主谓宾结构(从句)的一个典型例子。 注意:考研中长句并不见得一定很难,而短句由于结构精悍,往往需要补充很多的东西, 注意:考研中长句并不见得一定很难,而短句由于结构精悍,往往需要补充很多的东西,难度反而 更大一些。 更大一些。 moral reasoning 含义:人的头脑中在道德上对某一行为产生的推理 in action 含义:在实际行动中体现的 全句翻译: 当这种反应 反应发生时, 不是一种错误; 是人类在实际行动当中进行道德推理的一种本能, 反应 它 它 这种本能应该得到鼓励,而不是嘲笑。 注意: 往后再遇见他的时候就不用翻了, 把之理解成 “他” 、 注意 当前面的一个指代代词已经被翻译出来时, “他们”就可以了。 2(世博北京翻译公司)000 年 Governments throughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community. 71) Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts. this 指代的是 assumption 的内容: welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and the wealth of the community.—译作:达到这一目的 译作: 译作 centralized control 中央控制,集中控制—在中国,这种控制形式称作“宏观调控” macromanipulation hence 因此 operational research 运行研究、运筹学 specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts. 翻译:诸如经济学家、运筹学家等专业科学家 全句翻译: 在当今的条件下, 达到这一目的需要各种各样中央控制的措施, 因此就需要诸如经济学家、 运筹学家等专业科学家的帮助。 举例的形式: 举例的形式:类别 + such as + 具体的例子 译成中文:诸如(A、B、C)之类的+类别—顺序颠倒了 例如:I like fruits such as apples and bananas 我喜欢诸如苹果、香蕉之类的水果 1998 年 They were, by far, the largest and most distant objects that scientists had ever detected: a strip of enormous cosmic clouds some 15 billion light-years from earth. 71) But even more important, it was the farthest that 2(世博北京翻译公司)8   翻译公司 (责任编辑:世博翻译公司)
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