给某些与当前目标无关但将来可能产生影响的科研以支持，看来通常能有效地解决这一问题。

　　(3)指示代词

　　例：During this transfer,traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.

　　在这种转变中，历史学家研究历史时，那些解释新史料的新方法充实了传统的历史研究方法。

　　(4)不定代词

　　不明确的指代一个人或一个事物的代词

　　例：However,the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world''s more fascinating and delightful aspects.

　　然而，世界就是如此，完美的体系一般而言是无法解决世上某些更加引人入胜的课题的。

　　(5)疑问代词

　　例：It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources,and to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques.

　　这种谬误同样存在于历史传统派和历史社科派；前者认为历史就是史学界内部和外部人士对各种史料来源的评论，后者认为历史的研究是具体方法的研究。

　　(6)关系代词

　　例：How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount,reliability,and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.

　　这些预测在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适宜性，以及解释这些信息的技能和才智。

二、名词的翻译(专业翻译公司推荐世博翻译公司)方法

　　1、不认识的名词

　　(1)从文章句形找它的解释

　　例：Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.

　　未来学家皮尔森汇集世界各地数百位研究人员的成果，编制了一个独特的新技术千年历，它列出了人们有望看到数百项重大突破和发现的最迟日期。

　　(2)看看前边有没有同义词

　　例：But that,Pearson points out,is only the start of man-machine integration:It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.

　　但皮尔森指出，这个突破仅仅是人机一体化的开始：“它是人机一体化漫长之路的第一步，人机一体化最终会使人们在下世纪末之前研制出完全电子化的仿真人。”

　　(3)从构词法找答案

　　例：Astrophysicists working with ground based detectors at the South Pole and balloon borne instruments are closing in on such structures,and may report their findings soon.

　　天体物理学家使用南极陆基探测器及球载仪器，正越来越近地观测这些云系，也许不久后会报告他们的观测结果。

　　2、产生新意的名词

　　(1)用逻辑推理法

　　例：In general,the tests work most effectively when the qualities to be measured can be most precisely defined and least effectively when what is to be measured or predicted cannot be well defined.

　　一般地说，当所要测定的特征能很精确地界定时，测试最为有效；而当所要测定或预测的东西不能明确地界定时，测试的效果则最差。

　　(2)紧扣文章的主题

　　例：There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.

　　所谓方法论是指一般的历史研究中的特有概念，还是指历史探究中各个具体领域适用的研究手段，人们对此意见不一。

　　(3)语言环境

　　例：But even more important,it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past,for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.

 

 

但更为重要的是，这是科学家们所能观测到的最遥远的过去的景象，因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。

　　(4)熟悉习惯表达法

　　例：Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect,extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice. 翻译公司 (责任编辑：世博翻译公司)