5. Results and Suggestions 5.1 Results What is the practice like in C-E character name translation? Based on the above analysis, we find that two principles suggested by Newmark (2(世博北京翻译公司)001), transliteration and translating are both applied by the translator in translating the character names in HLM. The advantage of transliteration is to reserve the nationality of the SL. Though it is used frequently in dealing with name translation, the principle of transliteration usually fails to convey the linguistic and cultural information as well as the SL author’s creative purpose to the TL readers. Considering the loss of semantic and cultural meanings during transliterating process, the method of translating is nominated to render character names with rich annotations. The specific translating strategies like key-word translation, adaptation, literal translation and non-English languages translation are used to smooth the semantic defaults and conflicts caused by social and cultural difference between the languages. Though the translated names transmit the semantic and cultural meanings to the TL readers in a certain extent, the losses of original style and meanings of the SLT are given rise owing to the linguistic and cultural difference between Chinese and English. Then what considerations should the translator take into account while in dealing with cultural differences in translation? The study shows that the TL reader’s response and the SL author’s creative purpose are the two important points. According to Hawkes’ statements, his translation purpose is to “convey to the reader even a fraction of the pleasure this Chinese novel has given me….” (Hawkes, 1977:46) As a result, the SL cultural messages that may be strange and annoying in the TL culture, are simplified, adapted, replaced and domesticated, so as to make the translation acceptable by the TL readers. In addition, Hawkes also claims that his principle is “to translate  

everything…”and “assumed that whatever I find in it is there for a purpose and must be dealt with somehow or other.” (Hawkes, 1977:46) By saying that, he expresses his deep respect and loyalty to the SL author. Thus, some strategies like literal translation, adaptation in aiming to reflecting the annotative meaning, character’s personality and Chinese naming art, are used to transmit the SL author’s creative purpose in various ways. In her paper, Lü regards this kind of translation as “the re-creation by which the translator uses the flexible strategies to convey the SL semantic meanings and images subtly to the TL readers.” (Lü, 2(世博北京翻译公司)004: 62(世博北京翻译公司)) Hawkes is no less than the translator who makes great re-creation in his translation works. 5.2(世博北京翻译公司) Suggestions on the Use of Translating Strategies Here are some suggestions for the future practice of C-E character name translation. As long as we translate some classical Chinese literary works, such as The story of the 《红楼梦》 Outlaws of the Marsh ( ), 《水浒传》 The Journey to the West ( ), 《西 stone ( 游记》), the principles of transliteration and translating could be applied both in translating the character names. By the complementary use of these two principles, the numerous characters in these literary works could be distinguished by the different treatments of their names. While in dealing with the names with rich semantic and cultural meanings, translators should adopt various creative strategies, so as to reach the “closest natural equivalence of the source-language message.” (Nida and Taber, 1969:12(世博北京翻译公司)) There are five specific strategies provided as follows. If the character name has become an important symbol in the SL culture, such as Lin Daiyu (林黛玉), Zhuge Liang(诸葛亮) etc., they are better to be transliterated for the sake of keeping the original cultural image of the SL; If the semantic meaning of character name could be replaced by the TL equivalent without any cultural conflicts, it is good to translate the name directly according to its literal meaning; If the two-word Chinese name is verbose and complex to the TL readers, the key-word in  

the name represents the SL culture could be translated only, in order to make the translation more clear and comprehensible to the TL readers; If there are cultural conflicts between the SL and the TL, the character names could be adapted so as to avoid the annoyance of the TL readers; If the character names are labeled with special cultural color, such as religious, actresses, some non-English languages which relates to the corresponding cultural colors, e.g. Latin, French could be used to convey the special cultural meaning to the TL readers in a domestic way. 结论和建议均明确具体。结论紧密围绕研究目标， 结论和建议均明确具体。结论紧密围绕研究目标，并源于认真仔细的语料分 可信且具说服力； 议也基于分析和结论， 建 是对研究结果的延伸和应用。 析， 可信且具说服力； 议也基于分析和结论， 是对研究结果的延伸和应用。 因此目标、过程、结果和意义形成一个相互关联的有机整体。 因此目标、过程、结果和意义形成一个相互关联的有机整体。 语言清楚流畅。 语言清楚流畅。 标题和正文内容和格式符合要求。 标题和正文内容和格式符合要求。   翻译公司 (责任编辑：世博翻译公司)