4. The conclusion, drawn in one of the concluding paragraphs, is that American foreign policy goals can be attained only by “maintaining a position of strength”. 5. This is what he is eager to do. 6. That was how a small nation won the victory over a big power. 7. This is where the shoe pinches.  

四. 同位语从句的译法: 同位语是用来对名词（或代词）作 进一步的解释。同位语可以使单词、短语或从句。 （一）同位语从句汉译时不提前 1. He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again. 2. There were also indications that intelligence, not politics was his primary concern. 3. An obedient son, I had accepted my father’s decision that I was to be a doctor, though the prospect interested me not at all. (二) 同位语从句提前 1. Yet, from the beginning, the fact that I was alive was ignored. 2. But I knew I couldn’t trust him. There was always the possibility that he was a liar. 3. It does not alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the delay.  

（三）增加“即”（或“以为”）或用冒 号、破折号分开 ? “Influenced by these ethics, Powers lived under the delusion that money is all-mighty…” ? But considered realistically, we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good.  

单词和短语作同位语的译法 1，说明身份、称号的英语同位语往往放在专门名词后面， 汉译时一般放在前面。 a. They silently surrounded Jack, a young solider, in order to take him prisoner. b. According to Stephen, my uncle, Prof. Wang has mentioned this matter in his speech. 2, 限制性同位语以及用形容词、数词等作进一步说明的 同位语在英语中往往放在本位语后面，汉译时一般 无需改变位置。 a. That theory was advanced by the famous Chinese geologist Li Si-guang. b. I have been to all the cinemas in this city, big or small.  

3, 原文中有些同位语，汉译时往往需要作 适当补充或加破折号、冒号等。 a. Her son, my employer’s nephew, was himself an assistant in the shop. b. The search narrowed down to one plane, the B-25 Mitchell medium bomber.  

定语从句的译法 一. 限制性定语从句的译法 （一）前置法：把英语限制性定语从句译成带 “的”的定语从句，放在被修饰词之前，从而 将复合句译成汉语单句。一般用于译简单的定 语从句。 ? I was, to cite from John, the girl who was deserted by others. ? The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. ? It is not alone: it forms one of a triad of revolutions, of which the other two were the American Revolution that started in 1775, and the French Revolution that started in 1789.  

? ? ? These things had been manufactured in villages which were growing into towns now, away from London; it was a country-wide trade. The universities also took little interest in modern or scientific studies; and they were closed to those who did not conform to the Church of England. I’ve also said recently on another occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness.  

（二）后置法：如果从句结构复杂，译成汉语前置定语 显得太长而不符合汉语表达习惯时，往往可以译成后 置的并列分句。 1. 译成并列分句，重复英语先行词。 (1) He unselfishly contributed his uncommon talents and indefatigable spirit to the struggle which today brings those aims within the reach of a majority of the human race. (2) They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which, in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives. (3) The grammar schools legally could only teach the classical subjects for which they had been founded. (4) The first great rush of population to the far west was drawn to the mountainous regions where gold was found in California in 1848.  

2. 译成并列分句，省略英语先行词。 (1) He managed to raise a crop of 200 miracle tomatoes that weighed up to two pounds each. (2) It is he who received the letter that announced your admission to that famous university. （三）溶合法：是把原句中的主语和定语从句融合在一 起译成一个独立句子的一种翻译(专业翻译公司推荐世博翻译公司)方法。 1. 译“There be…” 结构 ? There are many people who want to see the film. ? There was another man who seemed to have answers, and that was Bill. ? There were men in that crowd who had stood there every day for a month.  

2。还有一些带有定语从句的英语复合句， 译成汉语时可将英语主句压缩成汉语词 组作主语，而把定语从句译成谓语，融 合成一个句子。 ? “We are a nation that must be independent to be strong,” said a foreign economist. ? We used a plane of which almost every part carried some indication of national identity.   翻译公司 (责任编辑：世博翻译公司)