（如果一个人伤害了另一个人的身体，而且这种伤害致被害 人于死，我们把这叫做杀人；如果杀人者事先知道这种伤 害会致人于死，那么我们就把他的行动叫做谋杀。）但是， 如果社会把千百个无产者置于这样一种境地，使他们不可 避免地遭到过早的非自然的死亡，如同被刀剑或枪弹所惨 杀一样；如果社会剥夺了成千上万的人的生活必需品把他 们置于不能生存的境地——利用法律的铁腕强迫他们处于 这种境地，直到不可避免的结局——死亡的来临，而且社 会也知道这成千上万的人一定会死去，但又听任这种情况 存在下去；那么这也是一种谋杀，和个人进行的谋杀完全 一样，只不过这是一种隐蔽的、恶毒的谋杀，没有人能够 防御，而且看起来又不像是谋杀，因为这种罪行是一种不 作为，而不是一种作为，谁也看不到谋杀者，被杀的人看 起来好像是自然地死去的。（但这仍然是谋杀。）  

主要译法 （1）顺序法：有些句子叙述的动作基本上是按 动作发生的时间先后，或按逻辑关系安排，一 般可按原文顺序译。 On August 1, the gunboat began her mission, /which was, in the eyes of the defenders, a provocative act / and seemed to be part of the overall assault which had begun on July 31.  

If she had long lost the blue-eyed, flowerlike charm, the cool slim purity of face and form, the apple-blossom colouring which had so swiftly and oddly affected Ashurst twenty-six years ago, she was still at forty-three a comely and faithful companion, whose cheeks were faintly mottled, and whose grey-blue eyes had acquired a certain fullness.  

（2）逆序法：有些句子的表达次序与汉语表达 习惯不同，甚至完全相反，那就需要逆着原文 的顺序翻译(专业翻译公司推荐世博翻译公司)。 And I take heart from the fact that the enemy, which boasts that it can occupy the strategic point in a couple of hours, has not yet been able to take even the outlying regions, because of the stiff resistance that gets in the way.  

（3）分译法：有时英语长句中主句与从句或主 句与修饰语之间的关系并不十分密切，翻译(专业翻译公司推荐世博翻译公司)时 可按汉语多用短句的习惯，把长句中的从句或 短语化为句子，分开来叙述；为使语意连贯， 有时还可适当增加词语。 The president said at a press conference dominated by questions on yesterday’s election results that he could not explain why the Republicans had suffered such a widespread defeat, which in the end would deprive the Republican Party of long-held superiority in the House.  

? While the present century was in its teens, and on one sunshiny morning in June, there drove up to the great iron gate of Miss Pinkerton’s academy for young ladies, on Chiswick Mall, a large family coach, with two fat horses in blazing harness, driven by a fat coachman in a three-cornered hat and wig, at the rate of four miles an hour.  

（4）综合法：有时英语长句顺译或逆译都感不 便，分译也有困难，这时就应仔细推敲，或按 时间先后，或按逻辑顺序，有顺有逆、有主有 次地对全句进行综合处理。 But without Adolf Hitler, who was possessed of a demoniac personality, a granite will, uncanny instincts, a cold ruthlessness, a remarkable intellect, a soaring imagination and until—toward the end, when drunk with power and success, he overreached himself—an amazing capacity to size up people and situations, there almost certainly would never have been a Third Reich.  

? Just advanced by the Russians and later picked up and made much of by certain American writers, was the claim that U-2 pilots were worried that if the device had to be used the CIA had rigged it in such a way that it would explode prematurely, thus eliminating, in one great blast, all incriminating evidence, planes and pilot.  

叙事、描写文体的翻译(专业翻译公司推荐世博翻译公司) 包括小说、散文和传记等文学性较 强的一类语篇  

1. 语篇特点：a. 英语句子以主句的主干（主+ 谓+宾）为中心，可以叠加多种形式的从属 成分—从句、汉语分句、介词短语等—形成 一种显明的形式结构。而汉语在此类语篇中 特别显示出有别于英语的一个重大区别—多 用短句、短语，靠小句的串联、意义的连贯 来组建句子，少用关联词语的重意合的特点。 b. 在描写和叙事时译者必须发掘自己的形 象思维能力。c. 叙事时动词的运用很重要， 描写时形容词的运用很关键。  

语篇特点a—英语形合，汉语意合 Edgar Allan Poe: The Fall of the House of Usher I had so worked upon my imagination as really to believe that about the whole mansion and domain there hung an atmosphere peculiar to themselves and their immediate vicinity: an atmosphere which had no affinity with the air of heaven, but which had reeked up from the decayed trees, and the gray wall, and the silent tarn: a pestilent and mystic vapor, dull, sluggish, faintly discernible, and leaden-hued. 在我的想象中，我好象真的看到，从朽木灰墙里，从 静悄悄的小湖上，散发出一种神秘的、令人讨厌的 雾气。这种雾气呈铅灰色，阴沉呆滞、隐隐约约， 笼罩着整幢房子及其四周。这种特别的雾气同天空 的大气没有任何关系，只有这幢房子及附近才有。   翻译公司 (责任编辑：世博翻译公司)